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United States • Title 21 CFR • Part 216

Part 216PART 216—HUMAN DRUG COMPOUNDING

Part 216 outlines regulations for human drug compounding, specifying bulk drug substances permitted for use under section 503A of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and listing drug products withdrawn from the market for safety or effectiveness reasons, which cannot be compounded.

What this part covers

  • Lists specific bulk drug substances (e.g., Brilliant Blue G, Cantharidin) that can be used in compounding under section 503A(b)(1)(A)(i)(III) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
  • Specifies that certain substances (e.g., N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, Squaric acid dibutyl ester) are restricted to topical use only when used in compounding.
  • Details criteria FDA uses to evaluate substances for inclusion on the list of permitted bulk drug substances, including physical/chemical characterization, safety, effectiveness, and historical use.
  • Identifies bulk drug substances (e.g., Oxitriptan, Piracetam) that FDA has determined will not be included on the permitted list due to insufficient data or safety concerns.
  • Prohibits the compounding of drug products that have been withdrawn or removed from the market due to being unsafe or not effective, as these cannot be compounded under section 503A(a) or 503B(a) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
  • Warns that misrepresenting a compounded drug made with a listed bulk drug substance as FDA-approved or endorsed constitutes misbranding.

Sections in Part 216

§ 216.23

Bulk drug substances that can be used to compound drug products in accordance with section 503A of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

(a) The following bulk drug substances can be used in compounding under section 503A(b)(1)(A)(i)(III) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. (1) Brilliant Blue G, also known as Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250. (2) Cantharidin (for topical use only). (3) Diphenylcyclopropenone (for topical use only). (4) N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (for topical use only). (5) Squaric acid dibutyl ester (for topical use only). (6) Thymol iodide (for topical use only). (b) After balancing the criteria set forth in paragraph (c) of this section, FDA has determined that the following bulk drug substances will not be included on the list of substances that can be used in compounding set forth in paragraph (a) of this section: (1) Oxitriptan. (2) Piracetam. (3) Silver Protein Mild. (4) Tranilast. (c) FDA will use the following criteria in evaluating substances considered for inclusion on the list set forth in paragraph (a) of this section: (1) The physical and chemical characterization of the substance; (2) Any safety issues raised by the use of the substance in compounded drug products; (3) The available evidence of the effectiveness or lack of effectiveness of a drug product compounded…

§ 216.24

Drug products withdrawn or removed from the market for reasons of safety or effectiveness.

The following drug products were withdrawn or removed from the market because such drug products or components of such drug products have been found to be unsafe or not effective. The following drug products may not be compounded under the exemptions provided by section 503A(a) or section 503B(a) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act: [81 FR 69676, Oct. 7, 2016, as amended at 83 FR 63573, Dec. 11, 2018]

Regulatory Context

This document sits within United States CFR and is most useful when linked to operational submission, quality, and inspection workflows.

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