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Title 21 CFR reference

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United States • Title 21 CFR • Part 361

Part 361PART 361—PRESCRIPTION DRUGS FOR HUMAN USE GENERALLY RECOGNIZED AS SAFE AND EFFECTIVE AND NOT MISBRANDED: DRUGS USED IN RESEARCH

Part 361 outlines regulations for radioactive drugs used in human research, ensuring safety and efficacy under specific conditions. It details requirements for Radioactive Drug Research Committees, limits on pharmacological and radiation doses, and conditions for investigator qualifications, subject consent, and drug quality. The part also specifies labeling requirements for these research drugs.

What this part covers

  • Radioactive drugs are considered safe and effective for human research subjects when administered under specific conditions outlined in the regulation.
  • Research must focus on obtaining basic information about drug metabolism, human physiology, pathophysiology, or biochemistry, not immediate therapeutic or diagnostic purposes.
  • Approval by a Food and Drug Administration-approved Radioactive Drug Research Committee (RDRC) is mandatory.
  • RDRC approval requires determination that pharmacological and radiation doses are within specified limits, radiation exposure is justified, and other research standards are met.
  • Strict limits are placed on both pharmacological and radiation doses to human research subjects.
  • RDRCs must be composed of at least five individuals with specific expertise, including a nuclear medicine specialist, a radioactive drug formulator, and a radiation safety expert.
  • Investigators must meet qualifications, obtain licenses for radioactive materials, and ensure human research subjects provide informed consent.
  • Specific labeling requirements are detailed for radioactive drugs intended for research use, including "Rx only" and compliance statements.
  • Adverse effects must be reported immediately to the RDRC, which then reports them to the FDA.
  • Results from research conducted under this part must be included in submissions required under part 312 (Investigational New Drug Application).

Sections in Part 361

§ 361.1

Radioactive drugs for certain research uses.

i.e.(a) Radioactive drugs (as defined in § 310.3(n) of this chapter) are generally recognized as safe and effective when administered, under the conditions set forth in paragraph (b) of this section, to human research subjects during the course of a research project intended to obtain basic information regarding the metabolism (including kinetics, distribution, and localization) of a radioactively labeled drug or regarding human physiology, pathophysiology, or biochemistry, but not intended for immediate therapeutic, diagnostic, or similar purposes or to determine the safety and effectiveness of the drug in humans for such purposes (, to carry out a clinical trial). Certain basic research studies, e.g., studies to determine whether a drug localizes in a particular organ or fluid space and to describe the kinetics of that localization, may have eventual therapeutic or diagnostic implications, but the initial studies are considered to be basic research within the meaning of this section. (b) The conditions under which use of radioactive drugs for research are considered safe and effective are: Approval by Radioactive Drug Research Committee.(1) A Radioactive Drug Research…

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This document sits within United States CFR and is most useful when linked to operational submission, quality, and inspection workflows.

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